种族、语言与文化:导读注释版 世界学术经典系列弗朗茨博厄斯作品上海译文出版社

《种族、语言与文化》是博厄斯自1887年到1939年的63篇重要论文的合辑，内分“种族”“语言”“文化”三大主题，涉及当时学界充满争议的几大问题。如，体质人类学与社会人类学的关系问题，种族血统与民族特征问题，不同区域的语言形态与起源问题，文化相对论与文化进化论问题、文化传播、文化变迁与文化涵化问题等。本书较为全面地汇聚了博厄斯的人类学研究成果，呈现了博厄斯与众不同的研究方法，对相关领域研究人员具有重要的参考价值。

导读注释者在英文原版的基础上进行导读、注释，并增加了术语汇编和简释，帮助读者扫除阅读障碍，更好地理解书中的内容。

弗朗茨·博厄斯（Franz Boas），德国裔美国人类学家，现代人类学的先驱之一，在哥伦比亚大学任教五十余载，开创了人类学的四大研究分支：体质人类学、语言人类学、考古学与文化人类学，其研究对人类学的发展具有深远的影响。

导读、注释者简介：余华博士，上海外国语大学语言研究院副研究员，哈佛大学人类学访问学者（2015-2016）。

导 读 

— 001 — 

PREFACE

— 003 —

RACE

— 005 —

RACE AND PROGRESS (1931)

— 007 —

MODERN POPULATIONS OF AMERICA (1915) 

— 026 —

REPORT ON AN ANTHROPOMETRIC INVESTIGATION OF THE POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES (1922) 

— 040 —

CHANGES IN BODILY FORM OF DESCENDANTS OF IMMIGRANTS  (1910-1913)

— 086 —

NEW EVIDENCE IN REGARD TO THE INSTABILITY OF HUMAN TYPES (1916) 

— 107 —

INFLUENCE OF HEREDITY AND ENVIRONMENT UPON GROWTH (1913) 

— 115 —   

THE TEMPO OF GROWTH OF FRATERNITIES (1935)

— 120 —

CONDITIONS CONTROLLING THE TEMPO OF DEVELOPMENT AND DECAY (1935)

— 124 —

REMARKS ON THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY OF CHILDREN (1912)

— 131 —

GROWTH (1892-1939, revised and condensed) 

— 144 —   

STATISTICAL STUDY OF ANTHROPOMETRY (1902)

— 177 —

THE HALF-BLOOD INDIAN (1894) 

— 186 —

REVIEW OF DR. PAUL EHRENREICH, “ANTHROPOLOGISCHE STUDIEN UEBER DIE UREINWOHNER BRASILIENS” (1897) 

— 201 —

REVIEW OF WILLIAM Z. RIPLEY, “THE RACES OF EUROPE” (1899)

— 209 —

REVIEW OF ROLAND B. DIXON, “THE RACIAL HISTORY OF MAN” (1923) 

— 216 —

SOME RECENT CRITICISM OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY (1899) 

— 223 —

THE RELATIONS BETWEEN PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY (1936) 

— 232 —

THE ANALYSIS OF ANTHROPOMETRICAL SERIES (1913)

— 237 —

THE MEASUREMENT OF DIFFERENCES BETWEEN VARIABLE QUANTITIES (1922) 

— 244 —

RACE AND CHARACTER (1932)

— 258 —

LANGUAGE

— 265 —

INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AMERICAN LINGUISTICS (1917) 

— 267 —

THE CLASSIFICATION OF AMERICAN LANGUAGES (1920)

— 283 —

CLASSIFICATION OF AMERICAN INDIAN LANGUAGES (1929) 

— 294 —

SOME TRAITS OF THE DAKOTA LANGUAGE (1937)

— 304 —

METAPHORICAL EXPRESSION IN THE LANGUAGE OF THE KWAKIUTL INDIANS (1929) 

— 312 —

CULTURE   

— 323 —

THE AIMS OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL RESEARCH (1932) 

— 325 —

SOME PROBLEMS OF METHODOLOGY IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES (1930)

— 348 —

THE LIMITATIONS OF THE COMPARATIVE METHOD OF

ANTHROPOLOGY (1896) 

— 361 —

THE METHODS OF ETHNOLOGY (1920) 

— 375 —

EVOLUTION OR DIFFUSION (1924) 

— 388 —

REVIEW OF GRAEBNER, “METHODE DER ETHNOLOGIE” (1911)

— 395 —

HISTORY AND SCIENCE IN ANTHROPOLOGY: A REPLY (1936) 

— 408 —

THE ETHNOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF ESOTERIC DOCTRINES (1902)

— 418 —

THE ORIGIN OF TOTEMISM (1910)

— 424 —

THE HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN RACE (1911)

— 434 —

ETHNOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN CANADA (1910) 

— 444 —

 RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN NORTH-WEST AMERICA AND NORTHEAST ASIA (1933)

— 463 —

THE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF THE KWAKIUTL (1920)

— 480 —

THE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF THE TRIBES OF THE NORTH PACIFIC COAST (1924) 

— 499 —

THE GROWTH OF THE SECRET SOCIETIES OF THE KWAKIUTL 

(1896) 

— 510 —

THE RELATIONSHIP SYSTEM OF THE VANDAU (1922) 

— 517 — 

THE DEVELOPMENT OF FOLK-TALES AND MYTHS (1916) 

— 533 —

INTRODUCTION TO JAMES TEIT, “THE TRADITIONS OF THE 

THOMPSON INDIANS OF BRITISH COLUMBIA” (1898) 

— 547 — 

THE GROWTH OF INDIAN MYTHOLOGIES (1895)

— 571 — 

DISSEMINATION OF TALES AMONG THE NATIVES OF NORTH AMERICA (1891) 

— 586 — 

REVIEW OF G. W. LOCHER, “THE SERPENT IN KWAKIUTL RELIGION: A STUDY IN PRIMITIVE CULTURE” (1933)

— 598 — 

MYTHOLOGY AND FOLK-TALES OF THE NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS (1914)

— 604 — 

STYLISTIC ASPECTS OF PRIMITIVE LITERATURE (1925)

— 656 — 

THE FOLK-LORE OF THE ESKIMO (1904)

— 673 — 

ROMANCE FOLK-LORE AMONG AMERICAN INDIANS (1925) 

— 693 — 

SOME PROBLEMS IN NORTH AMERICAN ARCHAEOLOGY (1902) 

— 704 — 

ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS IN THE VALLEY OF MEXICO BY THE INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, 1911-12 (1912) 

— 710 — 

REPRESENTATIVE ART OF PRIMITIVE PEOPLE (1916) 

— 717 —

REVIEW OF MACCURDY, “STUDY OF CHIRIQUIAN ANTIQUITIES” (1911)

— 725 —

THE DECORATIVE ART OF THE NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS (1903)

 — 732 —

DECORATIVE DESIGNS OF ALASKAN NEEDLECASES: A STUDY IN

THE HISTORY OF CONVENTIONAL DESIGNS, BASED ON 564-592 MATERIALS IN THE U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM (1908)

— 754 —

THE RELATIONSHIPS OF THE ESKIMO OF EAST GREENLAND (1909) 

— 791 —

THE IDEA OF THE FUTURE LIFE AMONG PRIMITIVE TRIBES (1922)

— 793 —

THE CONCEPT OF SOUL AMONG THE VANDAU (1920)  

— 811 —

RELIGIOUS TERMINOLOGY OF THE KWAKIUTL (1927) 

— 816 —

MISCELLANEOUS

— 825 —

ADVANCES IN METHODS OF TEACHING (1898)

— 827 —

THE AIMS OF ETHNOLOGY (1888) 

— 833 —

THE STUDY OF GEOGRAPHY (1887) 

— 852 —

术语汇编与简释

— 865 —