[正版] 学术英语写作教程 王永祥、张智义 清华大学出版社 (研究生学术英语系列教材) 英语 写作 研究生 教材

全书共十六章，详细介绍学术写作之准备过程、写作步骤及后续工作，帮助学生熟悉学术写作流程；
重点介绍学术论文的文体风格，以步骤和阶段思想介绍学术论文各部分内容的写作要点和行文规范；同时
还提供丰富的例句表达，供学生参考使用，便于学生提高学术英语写作能力，实现国际学术论文的发表。

本教材的主要特色如下：
1) 内容丰富。涉及学术写作的整个过程和学术论文的诸多要素，便于学生掌握写作的基本流程。
2) 实用性强。结合理论知识指导学生在学术写作过程中的规范操作。
3) 注重实例。提供丰富的实例，以仿写的方式促进学生学术写作能力的提升。
4) 难易适中。选材难易适中，便于学生理解信息和掌握内容。

Chapter 1

Academic Writing.1

1.1 What Is Academic Writing.2

1.2 Different Categories of Academic Writing.2

1.2.1 Academic Articles.2

1.2.2 Academic Books2

1.2.3 Conference Papers.3

1.2.4 Poster Papers.3

1.3 Different Categories of Academic Articles4

1.3.1 Letters4

1.3.2 Research Notes4

1.3.3 Articles.4

1.3.4 Supplemental Articles.4

1.3.5 Review Articles.4

1.3.6 Data Papers5

1.3.7 Video Papers5

1.4 Purposes of Academic Writing5

Chapter 2

The Process of Academic Writing7

2.1 Academic Writing as a Process8

2.2 Different Stages in the Process of Academic Writing9

2.2.1 Preparation for Writing.9

2.2.2 Academic Writing Per Se.11

2.2.3 Sending Papers to Conferences and Seminars.12

2.2.4 Targeting a Journal13

2.2.5 Preparing Your Paper for Submission.13

2.2.6 Reviewing Process.13

2.2.7 Technicalities of Proofs and Copyright14

Chapter 3

Academic Reading and Academic Resources.17

3.1 Significance of Academic Reading to Academic Writing18

3.2 Habits and Skills for Academic Reading18

3.2.1 Forming the Habit of Reading18

3.2.2 Reading Actively, Not Passively.19

3.2.3 Developing a Critical Eye for Writing Style.20

3.2.4 Taking Notes20

3.3 How to Find Academic Resources Online20

3.3.1 Skimming the Internet.21

3.3.2 Looking Through Library Database of Your University21

Chapter 4

Structure and Style.23

4.1 Typical Essay Structure.24

4.1.1 Introduction25

4.1.2 Argument Paragraphs26

4.1.3 Conclusion27

4.2 Structure of Academic Writing28

4.3 Tips for Academic Writing.28

4.3.1 Writing Objectively.28

4.3.2 Writing Concisely.29

4.3.3 First Person vs Third Person.29

4.3.4 Inclusive Language.32

Chapter 5

Title.37

5.1 Functions of Titles38

vii

5.1.1 Generalizing the Text38

5.1.2 Attracting the Reader.38

5.1.3 Facilitating the Retrieval39

5.2 Types of Titles39

5.3 Linguistic Features of Titles41

5.3.1 Using an Incomplete Sentence.41

5.3.2 Using More Nouns, Noun Phrases, and Gerunds41

5.4 Requirements of Writing Titles42

5.4.1 To Be Brief and Concise42

5.4.2 To Be Specific43

5.4.3 To Avoid Question Titles43

5.4.4 To Be Unified43

5.4.5 To Be Standard43

Chapter 6

 Authors and Affiliations47

6.1 Functions of Authors and Affiliations48

6.1.1 Bearing Authors’ Responsibilities.48

6.1.2 Facilitating Retrieval and Correspondence48

6.1.3 Heightening Celebrity.48

6.2 Implications of Authorship48

6.2.1 Authorship in Social Sciences.49

6.2.2 Authorship in Medical Sciences.50

6.2.3 Authorship in Natural Sciences51

6.3 Requirements of Writing Authors and Affiliations51

6.3.1 Unifying Printing Format51

6.3.2 Omitting Profession Titles52

6.3.3 Paying Attention to Orders of Chinese and English Names.52

6.3.4 Paying Attention to Affiliation52

6.3.5 Clearly Indicating Correspondent Author52

6.3.6 Indicating Authors’ Responsibilities if Necessary.53

Chapter 7

Abstract.55

7.1 Types of Abstracts.56

7.2 Format of Abstracts56

7.3 Components of Abstracts.57

7.3.1 Topic Sentences57

7.3.2 Supporting Sentences.58

7.3.3 Concluding Sentences.59

7.4 Structured Abstracts.59

7.5 Sample Analysis63

Chapter 8

Key Words.67

8.1 Functions of Key Words68

8.2 Disciplinary Differences of Key Words68

8.3 Who Supplies Key Words.69

8.4 Features of Key Words70

8.4.1 Nominalization70

8.4.2 Limited Number.70

8.4.3 Designated Choice70

8.5 How to Select Key Words.70

8.6 How to Arrange Key Words.72

8.6.1 Using Required Terms72

8.6.2 Placing in the Right Location72

8.6.3 Spacing the Key Words72

Chapter 9

Introduction75

9.1 Functional Elements of the Introduction Section.76

9.1.1 Introducing the Subject76

9.1.2 Limiting the Research Scope.77

9.1.3 Stating the General Purpose77

9.1.4 Explaining the Writing Arrangement.77

9.2 Components of the Introduction Section.77

9.3 Usual Process of Writing the Introduction Section.78

9.3.1 Starting with the Research Background78

9.3.2 Moving Towards the Existing Problem78

9.3.3 Focusing on the Present Research78

9.3.4 Illustrating the Writing Structure79

9.4 Literature Reviews.81

9.4.1 Purposes of Literature Reviews81

9.4.2 Strategies for Presenting Literature Reviews.81

9.4.3 Problems Concerning Writing Literature Reviews.84

9.4.4 False Assumptions Concerning Writing Literature Reviews.84

Chapter 10

Textual Developments.93

10.1 Types of Research Papers94

 10.1.1 Papers of Theoretical Nature94

 10.1.2 Papers of Experimental Nature.96

 10.1.3 Papers of Combined Natures.96

10.2 Avoiding Logical Problems98

 10.2.1 Avoiding Logical Fallacies.98

 10.2.2 Avoiding Logical Flaws100

 10.2.3 Avoiding Conspiracy Theories100

Chapter 11

Methods and Materials.103

11.1 Functions of the Methods and Materials Section.104

11.2 Structure of the Methods and Materials Section104

11.3 Ingredients of the Methods and Materials Section.106

 11.3.1 Subjects (Participants).106

 11.3.2 Materials107

 11.3.3 Design and Procedure.108

11.4 How to Write the Methods and Materials Section108

 11.4.1 Principles to Follow108

 11.4.2 Supplementary Points to Notice.111

Chapter 12

Results121

12.1 Importance of the Results Section122

12.2 Requirements of Writing the Results Section.122

12.3 Two Moves Analysis of the Results Section.123

12.4 Twelve Steps for Writing the Results Section.123

12.5 Tables and Graphs124

 12.5.1 Constructing Tables125

 12.5.2 Presenting Tables125

 12.5.3 Presenting Graphs126

 12.5.4 Sample Analysis.126

Chapter 13

Discussion135

13.1 Functions and Objectives of the Discussion Section.136

13.2 Elements to Include in the Discussion Section.137

 13.2.1 Stating Major Findings of the Study137

 13.2.2 Explaining Why Findings Are Important.137

 13.2.3 Relating Findings to Those of Similar Studies.138

 13.2.4 Considering Alternative Explanations of Findings138

 13.2.5 Acknowledging the Study’s Limitations.138

 13.2.6 Making Suggestions for Further Research.139

13.2.7 Giving “Take-Home Messages” in the Form of a Conclusion.139

13.3 Things to Avoid in the Discussion Section139

 13.3.1 Over Interpretation of the Results139

 13.3.2 Unwarranted Speculation140

 13.3.3 Inflating the Importance of Findings.140

 13.3.4 Tangential Issues.140

 13.3.5 Too Much Criticism.140

13.4 How to Write the Discussion Section.140

Chapter 14

Conclusion.147

14.1 Typical Contents of the Conclusion Section.148

 14.1.1 Summing Up.148

 14.1.2 Statement of the Conclusion148

 14.1.3 Statement of Recommendations148

 14.1.4 Graceful Termination.149

14.2 Common Problems in Writing the Conclusion Section149

 14.2.1 Being Too Long149

 14.2.2 Having Too Many Details149

 14.2.3 Failure to Comment on Larger, More Significant Issues149

 14.2.4 Failure to Reveal the Complexities of a Conclusion or Situation.150

14.3 Warnings and Suggestions for Writing the Conclusion Section150

 14.3.1 Warnings.150

 14.3.2 Suggestions151

14.4 Sample Analysis.151

Chapter 15

Supplementary Parts to Academic Writing.157

15.1 Acknowledgement158

15.2 References159

15.2.1 Styles of References.159

 15.2.2 Reasons for Citing References161

 15.2.3 Citing Page Numbers for Quotations in the Text.162

 15.2.4 Using Appropriate Styles and References162

15.3 Footnotes.163

15.4 Correspondence Among Authors, Editors, and Referees.163

15.5 Proofs.165

15.6 Sample Letters.166

Chapter 16

Academic Publishing173

16.1 Targeting Academic Journals174

 16.1.1 Impact Factors174

 16.1.2 Useful Tips175

16.2 Delays in the Publishing Process.175

16.3 The Process of Refereeing176

16.4 Key Elements to the Success of Academic Publishing.178

 16.4.1 Procrastination and Writer’s Block178

 16.4.2 To Advocate Collaboration179

 16.4.3 To Be Productive180

Bibliography183