- 商品参数
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- 作者:
陈艳霞著
- 出版社:科学出版社
- 开本:16开
- ISBN:9785227314183
- 版权提供:科学出版社
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基本信息
书名: | 医学物理学(英文版) |
作者: | 陈艳霞 |
出版社: | 科学出版社 |
出版日期: | 2015-01-29 |
版次: | 31 |
ISBN: | 9787030425140 |
市场价: | 55.0 |
Preface
CHAPTER1THEBASISOFBIOMECHANICS1
1.1Newton’sLawsofMotion1
1.2RotationofRigidBodies2
1.3ElasticPropertiesofMaterials7
1.4TheMechanicalPropertiesofBone10
1.5TheMechanicalPropertiesofMuscle12
Summary14
ReviewQuestions14
CHAPTER2VIBRATION,WAVEANDSOUND16
2.1SimpleHarmonicMotion17
2.2TheCombinationofVibration22
2.3SimpleHarmonicWave28
2.4EnergyinWave32
2.5SuperpositionofWaveandInterference34
2.6SoundWave37
2.7DopplerEffectandShockWave42
2.8UltrasonicanditsApplicationsinMedicine46
Summary53
ReviewQuestions55
CHAPTER3THEMOTIONOFFLUIDS56
3.1SteadyFlowofIdealFluid56
3.2Bernoulli’sEquation59
3.3ApplicationsofBernoulli’sEquation61
3.4ViscousFluidFlow63
Summary68
ReviewQuestions68
CHAPTER4PHENOMENAONLIQUIDSURFACES70
4.1SurfaceTensionandSurfaceEnergy70
4.2AdditionalPressureofaCurvedSurfaceofLiquid73
4.3CapillaryActionandAirEmbolism75
Summary77
ReviewQuestions78
CHAPTER5STATICELECTRICFIELD79
5.1ElectricFieldIntensity80
5.2Gauss’sLaw83
5.3ElectricPotential88
5.4Dielectrics93
5.5ElectricDipoleandMembranePotential99
Summary104
ReviewQuestions104
CHAPTER6MAGNETICFIELD106
6.1MagneticFieldandMagneticInduction107
6.2TheMotionofaChargedParticleandtheForceonaCurrentWireinMagnetic
Field110
6.3MagneticSubstanceandSuperconductingMagnet118
6.4ElectromagneticInducedPhenomena121
6.5TheApplicationsofMagnetisminBiology124
Summary126
ReviewQuestions127
CHAPTER7DIRECTCURRENT129
7.1ElectricCurrentandElectricCurrentDensity129
7.2Kirchhoff’sLaws131
7.3CircuitsContainingResistorandCapacitor135
7.4TheApplicationsofDirectCurrentintheMedicine137
Summary138
ReviewQuestions138
CHAPTER8GEOMETRICOPTICS140
8.1ReflectionandRefraction140
8.2RefractionataSphericalSurface142
8.3TheThinLens146
8.4TheEye148
8.5TheMicroscope152
Summary154
ReviewQuestions154
CHAPTER9WAVEOPTICS156
9.1InterferenceofLight156
9.2DiffractionofLight161
9.3PolarizationofLight163
Summary169
ReviewQuestions169
CHAPTER10LASER171
10.1TheBasisofLaser171
10.2TheBioeffectsofLaser175
10.3TheApplicationofLaserinMedicine176
Summary177
ReviewQuestions178
CHAPTER11X-RAYS179
11.1GenerationofX-rays179
11.2X-raysSpectra180
11.3TheBasicPropertiesofX-rays184
11.4TheAbsorptionofX-rays184
11.5TheApplicationofX-raysinMedicine185
Summary188
ReviewQuestions189
CHAPTER12NUCLEARPHYSICS190
12.1ThePropertiesofNucleus190
ThistextbookiscompiledprimarilyforoverseasstudentsinChinawhoplantodevelopacareerinsomefieldofmedicine.Therearetwelvechaptersthatdeterminedbytheneedsofmedicinemajorsincludingthebasisofbiomechanics;vibration,waveandsound;themotionoffluid;phenomenaonliquidsurfaces;electricfield;magneticfield,directcurrent;geometricoptics;waveoptics;laser;x-rays;andnuclearphysics.
CHAPTER1THEBASISOFBIOMECHANICS
?Newton’sLawsofMotion
Newton’sFirstLawofMotion
Newton’sSecondLawofMotion
Newton’sThirdLawofMotion
?RotationofRigidBodies
AngularDisplacement,AngularVelocityandAngularAcceleration
RotationofRigidBodies
TheMomentofInertia
?ElasticPropertiesofMaterials
Stress
Strain
ModulusofElasticity
?TheMechanicalPropertiesofBone
TensileandCompression
Shear
Torsion
Bending
CompositeLoad
?TheMechanicalPropertiesofMuscle
ElongatePinchofSkeletalMuscle
EqualTensilePinchofSkeletalMuscle
EqualLengthPinchofSkeletalMuscle
Inthischapter,wewillreviewNewton’slawsofmotion,analyzetherotationofrigidbody,discusselasticpropertiesofmaterials,andexploremechanicalfeaturesofboneandmuscle.
1.1Newton’sLawsofMotion
Weknowfromexperiencethatanobjectatrestneverstartstomovebyitself.Inordertomoveabody,apushorpullmustbeexertedonitbysomeotherbody.Similarly,aforceisrequiredtoslowdownorstopabodyalreadyinmotion,andtomakeamovingbodydeviatefromstraightlinemotionrequiresasidewaysforce.Alltheseprocesses(speedingup,slowingdown,orchangingdirection)involveachangeineitherthemagnitudeordirectionofthevelocity.Thusineachcasethebodyaccelerates,andanexternalforcemustactonittoproducetheacceleration.
1.1.1Newton’sFirstLawofMotion
Anyobjectremainsatrestorinmotionalongastraightlinewithconstantspeedunlessacteduponbyanetforce(orresultantforce).ThisisNewton’sfirstlawofmotion(牛顿第一运动定律).
Newton’sfirstlawdescribesthemotionofanisolatedobjectandthereisnonetforceactingonit.Inthemostgeneralcase,asingleforceactingonabodyproducesachangeinmotion.However,whenseveralforcesactonabodysimultaneously,theireffectscancompensateoneanother,withtheresultthatthereisnochangeinmotion.Whenthisisthecase,thebodyissaidtobeinequilibrium.Mathematically,thismeansa=0,whenFnet=0.WhereFnetisthevectorsumofalltheforcesactingonthebody.
Thisprop?ertyofmatter,thatitsmotionwillnotchangeunlessanetforceactsonit,iswhatwecallinertia(惯性).Inertiaisthepropertyofanobjectthatresistsaccelera-tion.AndNewton’sfirstlawisoftencalledthelawofinertia(惯性定律).1.1.2Newton’sSecondLawofMotion
Theproductofthemassofanyobjecttimesitsaccelerationisequaltothenetforceactingontheobject.ThisisNewton’ssecondlawofmotion(牛顿第二运动定律).
Fnet=ma(1.1)
Thatis,ifthesumofallforcesactingonanobjectisnotzero,thenitwillbeaccelerated.Theaccelerationdependsonthenetforceandonthemassoftheobjectaswell.
Noticethatthisequationsa
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