音像低温王国拓荒人:洪朝生传秦金哲,冯丰

老科学家学术成长资料采集工程简介总序一 ···································································韩启德总序二 ···································································白春礼总序三 ···································································周 济导 言 ········································································· 1章　家世与家学························································ 7父亲洪观涛······························································· 8外祖父高梦旦·························································· 11高、洪两门的学风气··············································· 15第二章　少年负志气······················································ 19无忧的童年····························································· 19目 录II 低温王国拓荒人洪朝生传难舍的育英中学······················································· 21“我的身体是从育英好起来的”······································ 崔先生和任太太的恸哭··············································· 25汇文中学的物理名师张佩瑚········································· 27在“一二·九”运动的洪流中······································ 31第三章　国破大学在······················································ 34清华大学：选系与转系··············································· 34延安，未能成行的遗憾··············································· 37向昆明进发的“湘黔滇旅行团”···································· 41烽火中的西南联大···················································· 45教学相长的教生涯················································· 50庚款留美和留英················································· 52恩师任之恭和范绪筠················································· 55第四章　越洋苦砺磨······················································ 61赴麻省理工的艰难旅程··············································· 61深得诺丁汉姆教授喜爱的学生······································ 63普渡大学：在哈洛维兹指导下从事低温电导研究··············· 68“神秘”的“洪朝生现象”············································ 71参加“北美中国学生会”和“留美科协”活动·················· 76与邓稼先等人的友谊················································· 81到欧洲学低温·························································· 83在超流氦中观察到低温临界速度的存在·························· 86筹建低温物理实验室················································· 89第五章　回国拓低温······················································ 92建立低温物理实验室················································· 92在国内次实现氢的液化············································ 97目 录III在国内次实现氦的液化··········································· 100参加“十二年科技发展远景规划”的制定工作················· 103参与创建中国科学技术大学低温物理专业······················ 107推动低温物理与超导研究··········································· 110第六章　协创半导体····················································· 115固体物理课程设计··················································· 115与黄昆、王守武、汤定元的密切合作···························· 118五校联合半导体专门化·············································· 1半导体联合科技攻关················································ 126随考察团赴苏联考察·································· 130第七章　风雨科研路····················································· 133在“反右”和“”中遭受冲击······················ 133卫星空间的环境模拟装置——KM3、KM4 低温氦制冷系统···· 137G-M 型制冷机的研制··············································· 140筹建汉中低温与超导研究所········································ 143“武汉会议”和“长沙会议”········································ 146第八章　建低温中心····················································· 152“低温技术实验中心”的缘起和正式建立········· 152主持“六五”超导攻关和超导技术十五年规划　制定工作···························································· 156氦液化系统改进和液氦集应示范点的建立················· 162低温容器的研制······················································ 165中法合作建造北京重水堆冷中子源装置························· 168公共实验室和开放实验室建设····································· 171温度测量与4He 超流转变温度研究······························· 175IV 低温王国拓荒人洪朝生传第九章　促国际交流····················································· 179走出国门开展学术交流·············································· 179国外低温物理学家来所访问和讲学······························· 183北京科学讨论会和第十三届国际低温工程大会················· 186荣获“门德尔松奖”和“科林斯奖”······························ 190第十章　倾心扶雏凤····················································· 194在科研实践中培养人才·············································· 194严苛的导师··················································· 199为所外单位培养人才················································ 202寄语青年一代························································· 206十章　为霞尚满天··················································· 210为科技发展建言献策················································ 210科学卫···························································· 214学术活动与社会活动················································ 220爱情、亲情和友情··················································· 226愿得此身长报国······················································ 结　语　洪朝生学术成长、精神内核与特质浅析··················· 附录一 洪朝生年表····················································· 259附录二 洪朝生主要论著目录·········································· 291参考文献···································································· 294后 记······································································· 300图片目录V图1-1 洪朝生全家福·································································8图2-1 1925 年洪朝生与大姐洪晶、二姐洪盈在北平坊胡同家中庭院内································································· 20图2-2 1933 年育英学校小学部全体生照片······························ 21图- 133 年9 月育英中学校长李如松开具的洪朝生肄业明·········· 22图2-4 育英学校读书时的洪朝生················································ 24图2-5 洪朝生汇文中学学籍卡··················································· 28图2-6 1991 年9 月22 日洪朝生与部分同学在北京汇文中学参加汇文中学120 周年校庆··················································· 30图3-1 洪朝生清华大学（西南联合大学）学籍卡···························· 34图3-2 洪朝生国立清华大学学习记载表·································· 35图3-3 1937 年在湖南长沙临时大学的洪朝生································· 38图3-4 1938 年湘黔滇旅行团第二大队一中队一分队在行军途中·········· 41图3-5 1938 年国立长沙临时大学湘黔滇旅行团臂章························ 4图- 1938 年5 月洪朝生参加国立西南联大军训时佩戴的胸标·········· 45图3-7 1938 年洪朝生与部分同学在云南昆明街头合影····················· 48图3-8 1992 年6 月9 日洪朝生与任之恭、陶葆柽在北京饭店············· 56图3-199年洪朝生与范绪筠、陈志忠、王补宣在普渡大学 ············ 56图4-1 1945 年11 月洪朝生与杨式德、张建侯、沈申甫在纽约··········· 62图4-2 1948 年洪朝生在美国麻省理工学院实验室··························· 63图4-3 1948 年洪朝生在麻省理工学院与同事讨论工作····················· 64图4-4 1950 年洪朝生与邓稼先在普渡大学低温实验室简易房前·········· 81图4-5 2006 年月2日洪朝生与王守武、王守武夫人葛怀修、邓稼先夫人许鹿希在王守武家中······································· 82图4-6 1949 年10 月洪朝生在普渡大学时手绘的五星红旗图样··········· 83图片目录低温王国拓荒人 洪朝生传VI图4-7 1950 年洪朝生在荷兰莱顿大学做实验的地方························ 86图4-8 2014 年7 月李来风在荷兰莱顿大学采访温克························ 88图5-1 1989 年中国物理学会第四届第二次理事会上严济慈为洪朝生颁发届“胡刚复物理奖”············································ 93图5-2 1964 年物理所低温研究室研制的台长活塞膨胀机式氦液化器························································· 98图5-3 90 年代洪朝生与周远在洪朝生办公室································103图5-4 2006 年4 月26 日洪朝生参加在举办的纪念十二年科技发展规划50 周年座谈会···········································104图5-5 中国科学技术大学低温物理专业届生在校内合影··········107图5-6 1991 年5 月13 日洪朝生参加中国物理学会低温物理专业委员会成立大会·····················································111图5-7 1990 年洪朝生、赵忠贤在全国超导工作会议上···················· 113图7-1 KM3 大型空间环境模拟试验设备·····································138图7-2 颗气象卫星在KM4 空间环境模拟系统中做实验········138图8-1 80 年代洪朝生在低温中心办公室·····························153图8-2 80 年代北京地区液氦生产集应示范点一角····················162图8-3 L70 氦液化装置、大型液氦储存槽和若干100 升液氦输运容器····· 166图8-4 1986 年洪朝生向中外专家介绍北京冷中子源装置··················170图 8-5 “ 七五”期间建成的低温力学能公共实验室·······················173图8-6 80 年代低温中心低温强磁场公共实验室一角·······················173图8-7 80 年代低温计量测试站一角·····························175图9-1 2000 年2 月洪朝生出席在印度孟买召开的第十八届国际低温工程大会······························································180图9-2 1983 年洪朝生、曾泽培、于禄等人与到访的英皇学会会员、2003 年诺贝尔奖获得者莱格特在物理所···················· 183图9-3 80 年代洪朝生与到访的芬兰赫尔辛基技术大学教授罗纳斯玛在低温中心································································184图9-4 北京科学讨论会1966 年暑期物理讨论会会场······················· 187图9-5 1990 年4 月洪朝生在北京香山饭店主持召开第十三届国际低温工程大会······························································189图9-6 2000 年2 月洪朝生获得的“门德尔松奖”奖牌····················191图片目录VII图9-7 2011 年6 月洪朝生获得的“塞缪尔·科林斯奖”奖牌············191图9-8 2000 年2 月洪朝生在第十八届国际低温工程大会上接受“门德尔松奖”······························································192图10-1 1985 年2 月6 日洪朝生在冷中子源次联合实验时在低温中心指导工作······························································195图10-2 90 年代洪朝生在实验室指导青年科技人员··························196图10-3 1996 年5 月洪朝生在浙江大学制冷与低温工程研究所············203图10-4 2005 年洪朝生与部分中青年科技人员在理化所实验大楼前································································205图10-5 1991 年8 月洪朝生在北京参加青年学者物理学讨论会······206图11-1 2005 年3 月洪朝生与王选在全国政协八届三次会议上············211图11-2 1997 年5 月洪朝生随全国政协考察团在广西考察··················212图11-3 1978 年10 月访英国瑞典科学代表团在英皇学会留影·········································································221图11-4 1994 年洪朝生、黄昆、徐叙瑢在长春物理所···············222图11-5 1996 年10 月28 日洪朝生在西昌卫星发中心·····················2图11-6 1998 年10 月2 日洪朝生和夫人李滢在家中·························226图11-7 1994 年8 月20 日洪朝生陪同大姐洪晶在哈尔滨工程力学所参加大姐夫刘恢先铜像落成揭幕仪式··················229图11-8 1993 年1 月洪朝生与许鹿希、许中明在全国政协春节团拜会上···································································0图11-9 90 年代初洪朝生与万心蕙、卢肇钧夫妇在北京卢肇钧家中······1图11-10 90 年代洪朝生与吴大昌在北京吴大昌家中··························2图11-11 1985 年9 月洪朝生以已故父母名义为修建中国人民抗日战争纪念馆汇单···························································图11-12 1969 年6 月30 日洪朝生将1955 — 1958 年所购公债上缴缴单······································································__

秦金哲，理化技术研究所研究员，洪朝生院士学术资料采集小组组长。

本书是老科学家学术成长资料采集工程第五批图书之一。洪朝生是我国物理学家，院士，理化技术研究所研究员，中国低温物理与低温技术研究的开创者之一。他发现了半导体锗单晶低温电导与霍耳效应反常现象，并提出杂质能级导电唯象模型，成为国际上无序系统输运机制研究的开端。他创建了物理研究所低温物理实验室，建造氢、氦液化系统，开始了低温、超导研究。负责组建了低温技术实验中心，致力于低温工程技术与低温物理的综合研究与应用开发。传记生动展现了洪朝生致力于低温王国的学术生涯和他踏实而精彩的人生。