半导体物理学 无 著 文教 文轩网

1 Introduction
1.1 Timetable
1.2 Nobel Prize Winners
1.3 General Information
Part 1 Fundamentals
2 Bonds
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Covalent Bonds
2.2.1 Electron—Pair Bond
2.2.2 sp3 Bonds
2.2.3 sp2 Bonds
2.3 Ionic Bonds
2.4 Mixed Bonds
2.5 Metallic Bonding
2.6 van—der—Waals Bonds
2.7 Hamilton Operator of the Solid
3 Crystals
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Crystal Structure
3.3 Lattice
3.3.1 Unit Cell
3.3.2 Point Group
3.3.3 Space Group
3.3.42D Bravais Lattices
3，3.53D Bravais Lattices
3.3.6 Polycrystalline Semiconductors
3.3.7 Amorphous Semiconductors
3.4 Important Crystal Structures
3.4.1 Rocksalt Structure
3.4.2 CsCl Structure
3.4.3 Diamond Structure
3.4.4 Zincblende Structure
3.4.5 Wurtzite Structure
3.4.6 Chalcopyrite Structure
3.4.7 Fluorite Structure
3.4.8 Delafossite Structure
3.4.9 Perovskite Structure
3.4.10 NiAs Structure
3.4.11 Further Structures
3.5 Polytypism
3.6 Reciprocal Lattice
3.6.1 Reciprocal Lattice Vectors
3.6.2 Miller Indices
3.6.3 Brillouin Zone
3.7 Alloys
3.7.1 Random Alloys
3.7.2 Phase Diagram
3.7.3 Virtual Crystal Approximation
3.7.4 Lattice Parameter
3.7.5 Ordering
4 Defects
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Point Defects
4.2.1 Point Defect Types
4.2.2 Thermodynamics
4.2.3 Diffusion
4.2.4 Dopant Distribution
4.2.5 Large Concentration Effects
4.3 Dislocations
4.3.1 Dislocation Types
4.3.2 Visualization of Dislocations by Etching
4.3.3 Impurity Hardening
4.4 Extended Defects
4.4.1 Micro—cracks
4.4.2 Stacking Faults
4.4.3 Grain Boundaries
4.4.4 Antiphase and Inversion Domains
4.5 Disorder
5 Mechanical Properties
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Lattice Vibrations
5.2.1 Monoatomic Linear Chain
5.2.2 Diatomic Linear Chain
5.2.3 Lattice Vibrations of a Three—Dimensional Crystal
5.2.4 Density of States
5.2.5 Phonons
5.2.6 Localized Vibrational Modes
5.2.7 Phonons in Alloys
5.2.8 Electric Field Created by Optical Phonons
5.3 Elasticity
5.3.1 Thermal Expansion
5.3.2 Stress—Strain Relation
5.3.3 Biaxial Strain
5.3.4 Three—Dimensional Strain
5.3.5 Substrate Bending
5.3.6 Scrolling
5.3.7 Critical Thickness
5.4 Cleaving
6 Band Structure
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Electrons in a Periodic Potential
6.2.1 Bloch's Theorem
6.2.2 Free—Electron Dispersion
6.2.3 Kronig—Penney Model
6.2.4 Lattice Vector Expansion
6.2.5 Kramer's degeneracy
6.3 Band Structure of Selected Semiconductors
6.3.1 Silicon
6.3.2 Germaruum
6.3.3 GaAs
6.3.4 GaP
6.3.5 GaN
6.3.6 Lead Salts
6.3.7 Chalcopyrites
6.3.8 Delafossites
6.3.9 Perovskites
6.4 Alloy Semiconductors
6.5 Amorphous Semiconductors
6.6 Systematics of Semiconductor Band Gaps
6.7 Temperature Dependence of the Band Gap
6.8 Electron Dispersion
6.8.1 Equation of Electron Motion
6.8.2 Effective Mass of Electrons
6.8.3 Polaron Mass
6.8.4 Nonparabolicity of Electron Mass
6.9 Holes
6.9.1 Hole Concept
6.9.2 Hole Dispersion Relation
6.9.3 Valence—Band Fine Structure
6.1 Strain Effect on the Band Structure
6.10.1 Strain Effect on Band Edges
6.10.2 Strain Effect on Effective Masses
6.10.3 Interaction with a Localized Level
6.11 Density of States
10.2.3 Stimulated Emission
10.2.4 Net Recombination Rate
10.2.5 Recombination Dynarrucs
10.2.6 Lasing .
10.3 Exciton Recombination
10.3.1 Free Excitons
10.3.2 Bound Excitons
10.3.3 Alloy Broadening
10.4 Phonon R，eplica
10.5 Self—absorption
10.6 Donor—Acceptor Pair Transitions
10.7 Inner—Impurity Recombination
10.8 Auger Recombination
10.9 Band—Impurity Recombination
10.9.1 Shockley—Read—Hall Kinetics
10.9.2 Multilevel Traps.
10.1 Field Effect
10.10.1 Thermally Activated Emission
10.10.2 Direct Tunneling
10.10.3 Assisted Tunneling
10.11 Recombination at Extended Defects
10.11.1 Surfaces
10.11.2 Grain Boundaries
10.11.3 Dislocations
10.12 Excess—Carrier Profiles
10.12.1 Generation at Surface
10.12.2 Generation in the Bulk
……
Part 2 Selected Topics
Part 3 Applications