Power Plants with Modular High-temperature Reactors(模块式高温气冷堆

本书为高温气冷堆核电站领域目前为止全球z具权威性、先进性，甚至唯1的综述性专著。

其主要内容依托清华大学核研院牵头组织的10兆瓦高温堆实验堆的设计、研制与实施，此项目为国家重大科技专项，国家863项目之一。

高温气冷堆具有良好的固有安全特性，是目前世界上比较先进的商用反应堆，在国家能源战略中具有重要地位。中国的高温气冷堆技术研究及应用，处于世界领x水平，对全球能源领域有多方面重要影响。

本书为读者深入了解高温气冷堆的原理、技术发展状况、安全特性和潜在的应用领域提供了详尽阐述和充实资料 ，可为从事高温气冷堆技术领域工作的科研开发人员、项目管理人员以及政府官员全面了解高温气冷堆提供参考。

1 General Aspects of High-Temperature Reactors .................... 1

1.1 Overview ................................................. 1

1.2 FutureSustainableEnergyTechnologies .......................... 2

1.3 PrincipleCharacteristicsofHTR ................................ 4

1.4 ApplicationofModularHTRintheEnergyEconomy ............... 8

1.5 SafetyAspectsofModularHTR ................................ 10

1.6 FuelCyclesofModularHTR .................................. 11

1.7    IntermediateandFinalStorage .............................. 13

1.8    OverviewontheHTR-PMProject .............................. 13

1.9 OverviewontheHTRDevelopmentuptoNow .................... 20

References ....................................................... 21

2 Physical Aspects of Core Layout .............................. 23

2.1    Overview on Physical Aspects of Core Layout and Design ofModularHTRPlants....................................... 23

2.2    SomeAspectsofCriticality................................. 27

2.3    In.uence of Re.ectors ....................................... 31

2.4    Coef.cientsofReactivity .................................. 33

2.4.1 PrincipleConsideration ............................... 33

2.4.2 Temperature Coef.cients.............................. 34

2.5    Demand of Reactivity Compensation and Worth of Control Systems .... 38

2.6    Fast Neutron Doses on Re.ectors ............................. 43

2.7    In.uenceofFlowofBalls,ActionontheBurnupofFuel ............ 46

2.8    Distributions of Fuel, Neutron Flux, and Power Density intheReactorCore .......................................... 52

2.9    PrinciplesofKineticsofNuclearReactors .................... 54

2.9.1 OverviewonSomeGeneralAspects ..................... 54

2.9.2 KineticEquations.................................... 58

2.9.3 Simple Solutions of the Kinetic Equations.... .... ..... .... 60

2.10 ProgramSystemsforPhysicalLayoutoftheCore .................. 61

2.10.1     GeneralRemarks .................................... 61

2.11 AspectsofCoreLayoutandDesign ............................. 67

2.11.1     General Overview and Aspects of Core and Fuel Element Design............................................ 67

2.11.2     Discussions on Different Core Parameter . .... .... ..... 69

2.12   Physical Aspect of the First Loading and Running in Period ofaPebbleCore ............................................ 74

2.13 DischargingofPebble-BedCores ............................... 80

References ....................................................... 80

3 Thermo-Hydraulic Aspects of Core Layout ......................... 83

3.1 HeatProductionInsidetheCore ................................ 83

3.2 ThermalPoweroftheCore.................................... 87

3.3 DataoftheCoolantGasHelium .......................... 88

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3.4 Basic Equations of the Thermo-Hydraulics of the Core . .... ..... .... 90

3.5 HeatingupofHeliumCoolantintheCore ........................ 94

3.6    Temperature Pro.lesinFuelElements ........................... 98

3.7    HeatTransferinthePebble-BedCore............................ 102

3.8    Pressure Drops in the Core and Re.ectorStructures ................. 104

3.9    Special Aspects of Thermo-Hydraulic Layout of the Core of Modular HTR..................................................... 107

3.9.1 MixingofHotGasBehindtheCore ..................... 107

3.9.2 In.uenceofBypassesontheCoreCooling ................ 110

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