石油学科英语(新工科英语系列教程) 石油工程 英语 高等学校 教材

本教材是基于新工科对教育资源供给“同频共振”的要求，以专门用途英语（English for specific
purposes）教学理论为指导而编写的石油学科英语教程，旨在满足能源类高校大学生及行业从业人员
提升国际学术交流能力的需求。本教材以石油人文为主线，分八章阐释石油学科的人文内涵及其对国
计民生的重大影响，具体包括：“石油与民生”“石油与经济”“石油与政治”“石油与科技”“石油与
环保”“石油与教育”“石油与文化”和“石油与新能源”，为能源类高校大学生及行业从业人员进入
相关工程领域学习和工作奠定基础。

本教材适用于高校和行业领域学术英语教学的需要，满足高校国际化人才培养对学术英语交流能
力的需求；对于具备高中英语水平或相当基础的广大英语爱好者而言，也具有重要的参考使用价值。

本教材围绕石油学科这一主题，阐释其与民生、经济、政治、科技、环保、教育、文化、新能源等的密切关系，多角度展示石油领域的合作、交流和发展；通过语言综合训练，培养学生在语境中快速获取信息的能力，为其用英语进行国际学术交流奠定基础。本教材可供能源类高校大学生和行业从业人员为进入工程领域学习和工作参考使用。

Pre-Class Activities
Activity One Get to Know the Role of Petroleum....... 02
Activity Two Get to Know the Significance of
Petroleum................................................. 02
Reading A: Petroleum: A Commodity Essential to
Our Very Way of Life.............................. 02
While-Class Activities
Activity One Enrich Your Knowledge Cooperatively.... 04
Activity Two Review Your Findings Collaboratively.... 04
Activity Three Map out the Consequences................ 04
Reading B: Imagining a World Without Oil............... 04
Activity Four Plan Your Own Oil-Free World........... 06
After-Class Activities
Activity One Enhance Your Perception..................... 07
Reading C: A World Without Oil: The Aftermath..... 07
Activity Two Watch the Videos for More
Perspectives......................................... 12
Activity Three Maintain Your Own Stand................. 12
Integrated Exercises.................................................... 12
Pre-Class Activities
Activity One Search for the Definitions........................ 20
Activity Two Read the Price Chart................................. 20
Activity Three Read the Price Components................. 21
Activity Four Watch the Videos About Oil Price
 Determinants.......................................... 21
While-Class Activities
Activity One Broaden Your Views................................. 21
Reading A: What Affects Oil Prices? Three Critical
Factors...................................................... 22
Activity Two Analyze the Difficulty in Forecasting
 Oil Prices..................................................... 24
Reading B: Why Are Oil Prices So Hard to
Forecast?.................................................... 25
Activity Three Understand the Impact of Oil Prices
 on Economy........................................... 28
Reading C: How Oil Prices Impact the U.S.
Economy.................................................... 28
After-Class Activities
Activity One Get to Know Literature Reviews
 Cooperatively............................................ 30
Activity Two Practice Summary Writing....................... 31
Reading D: How to Handle Oil Price Volatility......... 32
Integrated Exercises............................................................. 33
 Unit 3Petroleum and Geopolitics
Pre-Class Activities
Activity One Search for the Definitions........................ 40
Activity Two Watch the Video About 1973 Oil Crisis
 and Its Impact............................................ 40
While-Class Activities
Activity One Make a Seminar Discussion.................... 40
Activity Two Get to Know Petroleum Politics............. 41
Reading A: Oil, Politics, and Power............................ 41
Activity Three Embrace a New Perspective................. 43
Reading B: Eight Reasons Why the Politics of Oil
Have Changed........................................... 43
Activity Four Approach the Geopolitics of Oil and
 Gas............................................................... 45
Reading C: Forty Years of Oil and Gas Geopolitics..... 46
After-Class Activities
Activity One Conduct a Mini-Research Cooperatively.... 48
Activity Two Practice Summary Writing..................... 49
Reading D: The Oil Industry and Its Effect on
 Global Politics.......................................... 49
Integrated Exercises ............................................................ 52
 Unit 4Petroleum and Technology
Pre-Class Activities
Activity One Search for the Definitions...................... 60
Activity Two Watch the Video About Oil Drilling
 Innovation.............................................. 60
While-Class Activities
Activity One Make a Seminar Discussion .................. 60
Activity Two Get to Know Technological Advances..... 61
Reading A: How Technology Is Saving the Oil
and Gas Industry....................................... 61
Activity Three Get to Know Key Technological
 Drivers............................................ 63
Reading B: Five Trends in Oil and Gas Technology....... 64
After-Class Activities
Activity One Watch the Video About the Emerging
 Trends.................................................... 67
Activity Two Practice Summary Writing..................... 67
Reading C: The Future of Oil and Gas: Eight Bold
Industry Predictions................................. 67
Integrated Exercises............................................................. 72
Pre-Class Activities
Activity One Search for the Definitions...................... 80
Activity Two Watch the Videos About Oil Spills........ 80
While-Class Activities
Activity One Make a Seminar Discussion................... 81
Activity Two Get to Know Petroleum and the
 Environment..................................... 81
Reading A: Petroleum and the Environment:
 An Introduction............................................ 81
After-Class Activities
Activity One Read, Review, and Report...................... 86
Activity Two Watch the Video About the
 Environmental Impact.......................... 86
Activity Three Practice Summary Writing.................. 86
Reading B: Petroleum and the Environment.............. 87
Activity Four Address Petroleum-Induced
 Environmental Issues......................... 89
Reading C: Oil and the Environment—What Are Oil
Companies Doing to Clean up Their Act.... 89
Integrated Exercises............................................................. 92
Pre-Class Activities
Activity One Search for the Definitions.................... 100
Activity Two Watch the Videos About Top Qualities..... 100
While-Class Activities
Activity One Analyze the Figures.............................. 101
Activity Two Make a Seminar Discussion................. 105
Reading A: What Are the Education Requirements
 to Become a Petroleum Engineer?........ 106
Activity Three Get to Know the Essential Qualities.... 107
Reading B: Six Skills Oil and Gas Companies Are
Seeking in Employees............................ 107
After-Class Activities
Activity One Watch the Video About Petroleum
 Education.......................................... 110
Activity Two Practice Summary Writing................... 110
Reading C: Looking Ahead: Challenges for
Petroleum Engineering Education........ 111
Integrated Exercises........................................................... 116
 Unit 7
Petroleum and Culture
Pre-Class Activities
Activity One Search for the Definitions.................... 122
Activity Two Watch the Video About the Petroleum
 Safety Culture...................................... 122
While-Class Activities
Activity One Analyze the Need to Get Culture Right..... 123
Reading A: The Cultural Mismatch in the Oil and Gas
 Industry...................................................... 123
Activity Two Do Further Reading for Facts or Data.... 125
Reading B: Why Culture Is Key?................................. 126
After-Class Activities
Activity One Watch the Video About Business
 Ethics................................................. 132
Activity Two Approach Petroleum Organizational
 Culture.................................................. 132
Reading C: How Organizational Elements Influence
Performance in Oil and Gas Companies.... 132
Activity Three Practice Summary Writing................. 135
Reading D: Five Ways the Oil and Gas Industry
Promotes a Strong Safety Culture............ 135
Integrated Exercises........................................................... 137
Pre-Class Activities
Activity One Search for the Definitions.................... 146
Activity Two Watch the Video About Energy
Sources................................................. 146
Activity Three Search for Scientific References
About Energy Transition................... 147
While-Class Activities
Activity One Comment on Literature Study About
Energy Transition................................. 147
Reading A: Balance of Power Tilts from Fossil
Fuels to Renewable Energy................... 147
Activity Two Balance Renewables and Petroleum
 Energy.............................................149
Reading B: When Renewables Meet the Oil and
Gas Industry, Opposites Attract........... 150
After-Class Activities
Activity One Watch the Videos About the Energy
 Future................................................ 154
Activity Two Practice Summary Writing................... 154
Reading C: What’s the Recipe for Tomorrow’s
Energy Mix?............................................ 155
Integrated Exercises........................................................... 159