诺森等离子体天体物理学:Part Ⅰ:Fundamentals and practice

About This Book
Plasma Astrophysics： History and Neiours
1 Particles and Fields： Exact Self-Consistent Description
1.1 Interacting particles and Liouvilles theorem
1.1.1 Continuity in phase space
1.1.2 The character of particle interactions
1.1.3 The Lorentz force, gravity
1.1.4 Collisional friction in plasma
1.1.5 The exact distribution function
1.2 Charged particles in the electromagnetic field
1.2.1 General formulation of the problem
1.2.2 The continuity equation for electric charge
1.. Initial equations and initial conditions
1.2.4 Astrophysical plasma applications
1.3 Gravitational systems
1.4 Practice： Exercises and Answers
2 Statistical Description oflnteracting Particle Systems
2.1 The averaging of Liouvilles equation
2.1.1 Averaging over phase space
2.1.2 Two statistical postulates
2.1.3 A statistical mechanism of mixing in phase space
2.1.4 The derivation of a general kinetic equation
2.2 A collisionalintegral and correlation functions
2.2.1 Binary interactions
2.2.2 Binary correlation
2.. The collisional integral and binary correlation
. Equations for correlation functions
2.4 Practice： Exercises and Answers
3 Weakly-Coupled Systems with Binary Collisions
3.1 Approximations for binary collisions
3.1.1 The small parameter of kinetic theory
3.1.2 The Vlasov kinetic equation
3.1.3 The Landau collisionalintegral
3.1.4 The Fokker-Planck equation
3.2 Correlation function and Debye shielding
3.2.1 The Maxwellian distribution function
3.2.2 The averaged force and electric neutrality
3.. Pair correlations and the Debye radius
3.3 Gravitational systems
3.4 Comments on numerical simulations
3.5 Practice： Exercises and Answers
4 Propagation of Fast Particles in Plasma
4.1 Derivation of the basic kinetic equation
4.1.1 Basic approximations
4.1.2 Dimensionless kinetic equation in energy space
4.2 A kinetic equation at high speeds
4.3 The classical thick-target model
4.4 The role of angular diffusion
4.4.1 An approximate account of scattering
4.4.2 The thick-target model
4.5 The reverse-current electric-field effect
4.5.1 The necessity for a beam-neutralizing current
4.5.2 Formulation of a realistic kinetic problem
4.5.3 Dimensionless parameters of the problem
4.5.4 Coulomb losses of energy
4.5.5 New physical results
4.5.6 To the future models
4.6 Practice：Exercises and Answers
5 Motion of a Charged Particle in Given Fields
5.1 A particle in constant homogeneous fields
5.1.1 Relativistic equation of motion
5.1.2 Constant non-magnetic forces
5.1.3 Constant homogeneous magnetic fields
5.1.4 Non-magnetic force in a magnetic field
5.1.5 Electricand gravitational drifts
5.2 Weakly inhomogeneous slowly changing fields
5.2.1 Small parameters in the motion equation
5.2.2 Expansion in powers of m/e
5.. The averaging over gyromotion
5.2.4 Spiral motion of the guiding center
5.2.5 Gradient and inertial drifts
……
6 Adiabatic Invariants in Astrophysical Plasma
7 Wave-Particle Interaction in Astrophysical Plasma
8 Coulomb Collisions in Astrophysical Plasma
9 Macroscopic Description of Astrophysical Plasma
10 Multi-Fluid Models of Astrophysical Plasma
11 The Generalized Ohm-s Law in Plasma
12 Single-Fluid Models for Astrophysical Plasma
13 Magnetohydrodynamics in Astrophysics
14 Plasma Flows in a Strong Magnetic Field
15 MHD Waves in Astrophysical Plasma
16 Discontinuous Flows in a MHD Medium
17 Evolutionarity of MHD Discontinuities
18 Particle Acceleration by Shock Waves
19 Plasma Equilibrium in Magnetic Field
20 Stationary Flows in a Magnetic Field
Appendix 1. Notation
Appendix 2. Useful Expressions
Appendix 3. Constants
Bibliography
Index

等离子天体物理学共分两册，是关于等离子体天体物理学的经典理论和实验基础、当前发展水平的深入浅出的专著。本书作为靠前部分，提供了理解等离子体天体物理学所需要的全部基本原理和实际工具，包括粒子物理，场论，统计物理，引力系统以及等离子体中的粒子的运动、粒子与波相互作用，天体物理等离子体的各种模型，MHD 的各种质等等。本书主要是给等离子体天体物理领域的研究者提供参考之用，也同时会成为本专业以及空间物理、地球物理等专业的感兴趣的读物。

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