1. FIXATION OF SHIFTING SANDS
Grass Grid Sand Barrier
High Vertical Living Sand Barriers
Vegetation Establishment by Aerial Seeding
2. SAND PREVENTION AND CONTROL ALONG THE
RAILWAYS AND HIGHWAYS
Sandy Land Management for Protecting Railway
Bio-protection System for Desert Highway
3. IMPROVEMENT OF DEGRADED GRASSLAND
Barn Feeding in Captive of Livestock
Rotational Grazing
4. WATER AND SOIL CONSERVATION MEASURES
Silt Storage Dam
Check Dam
Fish-Scale Pit Adverse-Slope Site Preparation
Zhuanglang Loess Terraces
5. AFFORESTATION IN ARID AND SEMI-ARID AREAS
Plantation of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica at Sandyland
Farmland Shelterbelt on Dryland
Deep Planting of Poplar at High Cold Arid Sandy Land
"Two Rows in One Belt" Forestation Model
6. AGROFORESTRY MANAGEMENT
Walnut and Crop Interplanting on Oasis
Oasis Shelterbelt Network with Narrow-belt and Small-grid
7. FARMING PRACTICES AND SOIL IMPROVEMENT
Cultivation on Stony Sand Land Salinate Land Transformation
Drainage by Hidden Pipe for Irrigated Farmland
8. WATER SAVING AND CATCHMENT
Mulched Drip Irrigation
Rainwater Cellars
9. SAND INDUSTRY
Artificial Inoculation of Cistanche deserticola to
Haloxylon ammodendron
Integrated Development of Salix psammophila
10. UTILIZATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY
Solar Stove Development
Rural Wind Power Utilization
Biogas Digester
Acknowledgements
Land degradation is a prominent ecological problem in dryland areas and a focus of many countries and in-temational organizations. Continual worsening of land degradation in dryland areas caused not only declineof soil fertility and reduction of food production directly impacting on farmers' livelihood, but also deterio-ration of ecosystems threatening the foundation for human survival. Therefore, it is an obligatory responsi-bility of countries, international organizations and scientists to improve the ecological situation in drylandareas, to prevent land degradation and to achieve sustainable land management as soon as possible.China has a wide distribution of dryland and land degradation is severe. Land degradation has become thekey factor restraining sustainable economic and social development in dryland areas. In order to improvethe ecological conditions in dryland areas, Chinese government and its people have taken many measuresfor ecological improvement and protection and have made tremendous achievements in land degradationprevention and control, obtaining a series of applicable experiences and techniques which have greatly con-tributed to ecological improvement and land degradation control in dryland areas.While committed to ecological improvement and environment protection, Chinese government attachesgreat importance to strengthening international cooperation and exchange. In 2002, Chinese governmentestablished a strategic partnership with the GEF in land degradation control, i.e. China-GEF partnership onland degradation in dryland ecosystems. This was the first partnership of GEF established with a govern-ment in ecological fields. The partnership was aimed to create a multiagency, cross-sector and inter-regionalintegrated natural resource management system, a new approach to addressing land degradation problemfrom the grassroot. Therefore to stop land degradation, restore dryland ecosystems, reduce poverty, andpromote sustainable development in western China and protection of global environment.
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